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Table 1 Summary table of existing literature relevant to MMP and TIMP proteins in human MDD and preclinical models of chronic stress

From: Convergence of endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and glucocorticoid resistance in depression-related cardiovascular diseases

Protein

Species

Model (if applicable)

Effect of MDD/Stress

Ref.

MMP-2

1. Human

1. N/A

1. MDD Patients effectively treated with ECT showed no difference in serum MMP-2

1. [107]

2. Mouse

2. Immobilization Stress

2. MMP-2 activity increased in hypothalamus of stressed mice

2. [102]

3. Mouse

3. Chronic Social Defeat

3. Decreased MMP-2 in plasma of stress-resilient mice only

3. [111]

4. Human

4. N/A

4. MMP-2 expression decreased in MDD patients

4. [157]

5. Human

5. N/A

5.Increased CSF MMP-2 in MDD patients

5. [158]

6. Human

6. N/A

6. Certain MMP-2 polymorphisms are associated with risk of depression

6. [103]

MMP-3

1. Mouse

1. Immobilization Stress

1. MMP-3 activity increased in hypothalamus of stressed mice

1. [110]

2. Mouse

2. Chronic Social Defeat

2. Increased MMP-3 in plasma of stressed mice

2. [111]

MMP-7

1. Human

1. N/A

1. Increased CSF MMP-7 in MDD patients

1. [158]

2. Human

2. N/A

2. Certain MMP-7 polymorphisms are associated with risk of depression

2. [103]

MMP-8

1. Mouse

1. Chronic Social Defeat or Chronic Variable Stress

1. Increased MMP-8 in plasma of stressed mice

1. [111]

MMP-9

1. Human

1. N/A

1. MDD Patients showed increased serumMMP-9

1. [107]

2. Human

2. N/A

2. MDD Patients effectively treated with ECT showed decreased serum MMP-9

2. [105]

3. Human

3. N/A

3. Increased MMP-9 activity in HPC of MDD patients

3. [108]

4. Mouse

4.ChronicUnpredictableStress

4. 5-HT7R/MMP-9 signaling is required for depressive-like behavior

4. [108]

5. Mouse

5. Chronic Corticosterone Tx

5. Stressed mice show elevated MMP-9 activity in HPC and cortex

5. [109]

6. Mouse

6. Chronic Social Defeat

6. No change in proMMP-9 levels in plasma of stressed mice

6. [111]

7. Human

7. N/A

7. MMP-9 expression decreased in MDD patients

7. [157]

8. Human

8. N/A

8. Certain MMP-9 polymorphisms are associated with risk of depression

8. [103]

MMP-10

1. Human

1. N/A

1. Increased CSF MMP-10 in MDD patients

1. [158]

MMP-12

1. Mouse

1. Chronic Social Defeat

1. No change in MMP-12 in plasma of stressed mice

1. [111]

MMP-13

1. Mouse

1. Immobilization Stress

1. MMP-13 activity increased in hypothalamus of stressed mice

1. [110]

TIMP-1

1. Mouse

1. Immobilization Stress

1. TIMP-1 expression unchanged in hypothalamus of stressed mice

1. [110]

TIMP-2

1. Mouse

1.ImmobilizationStress

1.TIMP-2 expression unchanged in hypothalamus of stressed mice

1. [110]

2.Human

2. N/A

2. TIMP-2 expression decreased in MDD patients

2. [157]