Table 1 Bivariate and multivariate analysis of determinant factors with immune reconstitution of HAART among HIV patients in Adigrat General Hospital, Eastern Tigrai, Ethiopia; 2019: A retrospective follow up (n = 393)
Variables | Category | Immune reconstitution | P value | COR | 95% CI | P value | AOR | 95%CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Failure N [%] | Success, N [%] | ||||||||
Sex | Male | 38 [29] | 93 [71] | 1.3 | [0.156–2.026 | 0.149 | 1.6 | [0.840–3.152] | |
Female | 59 [22.5] | 203 [77.5] | 0.160 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
Age category | < 15 years | 13 [59] | 09 [41] | 0.001 | 7.2 | [2.561–16.524] | 0.921 | 2.3 | [0.151–5.523] |
15–30 years | 17 [35.4] | 31 [64.6] | 0.002 | 2.7 | [1.310–4.374] | 0.819 | 1.4 | [0.023–2.391] | |
31–45 years | 48 [23.4] | 157 [76.6] | 0.019 | 1.5 | [0.166–2.266] | 0.648 | 1.2 | [0.062–3.527] | |
46–60 years | 17 [16] | 89 [84] | 0.362 | 0.9 | [0.712–2.531] | 0.173 | 0.6 | [0.242–1.291] | |
> 60 years | 02 [16.7] | 10 [83.3] | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
Residence | Urban | 73 [29.3] | 176 [70.7] | 0.006 | 2.1 | [1.238–3.475] | 0.020* | 2.3 | [1.137–4.602] |
Rural | 24 [16.7] | 120 [83.3] | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
BMI | Normal | 46 [20.5] | 178 [79.5] | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
Overweight | 06 [16.2] | 31 [83.8] | 0.010 | 0.75 | [0.071–2.638] | 0.203 | 1.5 | [0.793–2.976] | |
Undernourished | 45 [34] | 87 [66] | 0.000 | 2.0 | [0.232–3.674] | 0.647 | 1.2 | [0.364–1.873] | |
Cotrimoxazole intake | No | 23 [28.7] | 57 [71.3] | 0.345 | 1.3 | [0.443–1.930] | |||
Yes | 74 [23.6] | 239 [76.4] | 1.0 | ||||||
Eligibility for HAART | Clinical staging | 78 [24.8] | 236 [75.2] | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
Test and treat | 09 [37.5] | 15 [62.5] | 0.056 | 1.8 | [0.243–3.378] | 0.074 | 0.8 | [0.153–1.090 | |
Transferred in | 10 [18.2] | 45 [81.8] | 0.080 | 0.7 | [0.089–1.409] | 0.647 | 1.09 | [0.364–1.873] | |
Functional status | Working | 89 [24.5] | 275 [75.5] | 1.0 | |||||
Ambulatory | 7 [26.9] | 19 [73.1] | 0.288 | 1.1 | [0.119–2.780] | ||||
Bedridden | 01 [33.3] | 02 [66.7] | 0.231 | 1.5 | [0.038–3.987] | ||||
Baseline CD4+ T cell counts | > 250 | 39 [16.1] | 203 [83.9] | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
≤ 250 | 58 [38.4] | 93 [61.6] | < 0.001 | 3.2 | [1.342–5.445] | < 0.001* | 4.2 | [2.977–7.961] | |
WHO stage | Stage I | 83 [23.7] | 267 [76.3] | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
Stage II | 05 [23.8] | 16 [76.2] | 0.022 | 0.99 | [0.234–1.871] | 0.819 | 1.2 | [0.396–3.223] | |
Stage III | 08 [47.1] | 09 [52.9] | 0.151 | 2.9 | [0.293–5.209] | 0.648 | 1.5 | [0.268–8.318] | |
Stage IV | 01 [20] | 04 [80] | 0.091 | 0.8 | [0.198–3.783] | 0.798 | 0.7 | [0.027–16.329] | |
Modern non-hormonal contraceptive (n = 262) | No | 34 [22.5] | 117 [77.5] | 1.0 | |||||
Yes | 31 [27.9] | 80 [72.1] | 0.234 | 1.3 | [0.834–2.098] | ||||
Treatment adherence | Good | 41 [14.4] | 244 [85.6] | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
Average | 14 [46.7] | 16 [53.3] | 0.034 | 5.2 | [2.573–8.101] | 0.107 | 5.6 | [2.978–9.829] | |
Weak | 42 [53.8] | 36 [46.2] | < 0.001 | 7.0 | [3.987–12.090] | < 0.001* | 9.4 | [4.497–19.700] | |
Opportunistic infections | Yes | 51 [26.3] | 143 [73.7] | 0.466 | 1.2 | [0.749–1.877] | |||
No | 46 [23.1] | 153 [76.9] | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
Status TB | Positive | 60 [48.8] | 63 [51.2] | < 0.001 | 6.0 | [3.655–9.842] | < 0.001* | 11.5 | [5.704–23.191] |
Negative | 37 [13.7] | 233 [86.3] | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
Duration of HAART | ≤ 2 years | 12 [35.3] | 22 [64.7] | 1.0 | |||||
2–5 years | 26 [26.3] | 73 [73.7] | 0.314 | 0.9 | [0.250–1.561] | ||||
5–10 years | 15 [25.4] | 44 [74.6] | 0.907 | 1.1 | [0.458–2.001] | ||||
> 10 years | 44 [21.9] | 157 [78.1] | 0.569 | 1.3 | [0.620–2.388] | ||||